Citation Information :
Salah E, Algasim S, Mhamoud A, Husian N. Prevalence of hypoxemia in under-five children with pneumonia in an emergency pediatrics hospital in Sudan. Indian J Crit Care Med 2015; 19 (4):203-207.
Context: Hypoxemia is a common and potentially lethal complication of acute respiratory infection in children under-five, particularly among those with severe disease. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypoxemia in under-five Sudanese children with pneumonia. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study conducted in a pediatrics hospital in a developing country. Subjects and Methods: Data were collected using structured questionnaire and oxygen saturation was measured using a pulse oximeter. Hypoxemia was defined as arterial blood oxygen saturation <90%. Results: Of 150 studied patients, 86 (57.3%) were males and 46 (32%) were in the age group 2 to ≤12 months. Of the total number, 42.7% had hypoxemia (with pulse oximeter oxygen saturation <90%), out of them 36 (56.25%) were in the age group <2 months. Of the hypoxic patients, 30 (46.88%) had severe pneumonia, and 7 (10.94) had very severe pneumonia (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of hypoxemia was 42.7% among the studied population. There was a significant association between the hypoxemia and small age group and very severe pneumonia. In limited resource settings pulse oximeter can be used to correctly identify hypoxemia in under-five children particularly among those diagnosed clinically as very severe pneumonia.
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