Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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VOLUME 25 , ISSUE 1 ( January, 2021 ) > List of Articles

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Mechanical Insufflation-exsufflation for the Prevention of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Ryota Kuroiwa, Yoshihisa Tateishi, Taku Oshima, Takeshi Inagaki, Seiichiro Furukawa, Ryo Takemura, Yohei Kawasaki, Astushi Murata

Citation Information : Kuroiwa R, Tateishi Y, Oshima T, Inagaki T, Furukawa S, Takemura R, Kawasaki Y, Murata A. Mechanical Insufflation-exsufflation for the Prevention of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021; 25 (1):62-66.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23508

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 13-04-2021

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2021; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infection. The current study aimed to assess the efficacy of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) in preventing VAP in critically ill patients. Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the ICU of Chiba University Hospital between January 2014 and September 2017. The inclusion criteria were patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation ≥48 hours and those who underwent rehabilitation, including chest physical therapy (CPT). In 2015, the study institution started the use of MI-E in patients with impaired cough reflex. From January to December 2014, patients undergoing CPT were classified under the historical control group, and those who received treatment using MI-E from January 2015 to September 2017 were included in the intervention group. The patients received treatment using MI-E via the endotracheal or tracheostomy tube, with insufflation-exsufflation pressure of 15–40 cm H2O. The treatment frequency was one to three sessions daily, and a physical therapist who is experienced in using MI-E facilitated the treatment. Results: From January 2015 to September 2017, 11 patients received treatment using MI-E. Of the 169 patients screened in 2014, 19 underwent CPT. The incidence of VAP was significantly different between the CPT and MI-E groups (84.2% [16/19] vs 26.4% [3/11], p = 0.011). After adjusting for covariates, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed, and results showed that the covariates were not associated with the incidence of VAP. Conclusion: This retrospective cohort study suggests that the use of MI-E in critically ill patients is independently associated with a reduced incidence of VAP. Clinical significance: Assessing the efficacy of MI-E to prevent VAP.


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