Background: Perioperative fluid management (PFM) is critical in liver transplantation, especially regarding its impact on postoperative renal function. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in liver transplant recipients, often influenced by the type and volume of fluids administered during the perioperative period. This study investigates the effects of different fluid management strategies on renal outcomes following liver transplantation from living donors. Patients and methods: This retrospective observational study included 91 liver transplant recipients who were categorized into three groups based on their PFM strategy: restrictive (n = 1), moderate (n = 34), and liberal (n = 56). Data were collected from patient medical records, focusing on fluid types, peak serum creatinine levels, urine output, and length of hospital stay. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and logistic regression, were conducted to assess renal outcomes among the groups. Results: The moderate fluid management group demonstrated the best renal outcomes, with the lowest peak serum creatinine (1.02 ± 0.25 mg/dL) and shorter ICU stays (2.47 ± 0.62 days) compared to the liberal fluid strategy group (1.40 ± 0.92 mg/dL and 2.88 ± 0.83 days, respectively). Moreover, liberal fluid strategies were associated with fluid overload and increased peak serum creatinine levels. Intraoperative fluid administration showed a greater protective effect on renal function compared to postoperative fluid administration. Conclusions: Moderate PFM, particularly with careful intraoperative fluid administration, is optimal for minimizing the risk of AKI and improving renal outcomes in liver transplant patients. These findings emphasize the importance of individualized fluid therapy in reducing renal complications after liver transplantation.