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VOLUME 24 , ISSUE 5 ( May, 2020 ) > List of Articles

Pediatric Critical Care

Flexible Fiber-optic Bronchoscopy-directed Interventions in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases

Ritika Chhawchharia, Raja Joshi, Neeraj Agarwal

Keywords : Airway anomalies, Bronchoalveolar lavage, Congenital heart disease, Flexible fiber-optic bronchoscopy, Interventions, Pediatric intensive care

Citation Information : Chhawchharia R, Joshi R, Agarwal N. Flexible Fiber-optic Bronchoscopy-directed Interventions in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020; 24 (5):340-343.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23419

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 28-07-2020

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2020; The Author(s).


Abstract

Objective: In children, pulmonary and cardiac diseases are closely associated, and their integrated evaluation is important. Flexible fiber-optic bronchoscopy (FFB) can be used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in pediatric cardiac intensive care units (PCICU). The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of FFB in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Materials and methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary care center in pediatric patients who underwent FFB in PCICU over a period of 6 years (2012–2017). Results: Total 71 bronchoscopies were done in 58 patients with CHD with median age and weight of 2.5 months and 3.4 kg, respectively. Total of 20 different cardiac lesions were present among patients who underwent FFB. While 38 (53.5%) and 30 (42.3%) procedures were performed in pre-op and postoperative patients, respectively, 3 intraoperative bronchoscopies were also performed. The main indications for FFB were persistent atelectasis (42/71), prolonged oxygen requirement (13/71), stridor (8/71), and suspected airway anomaly (6/71). Tracheobronchitis was the commonest bronchoscopy finding (51/71, 71.8%) followed by tracheobronchomalacia (27/71, 38.3%). Cause of stridor detected in 7/8 cases. Associated preoperative and postoperative respiratory complications were detected and necessary interventions were done. These included slide tracheoplasty (5/58), tracheostomy (5/58), antibiotic change based on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cultures (11/71), and continued positive pressure ventilation (4/71). Nonconsequential complications were transient hypoxemia (10/71), bleeding (2/71), and transient bradycardia (1/71). Conclusion: Bedside FFB is a safe and a valuable diagnostic tool that also helps in guiding interventions in children with cardiac diseases.


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